HSK Tool Holder is a dual-side clamping tool holder developed by the Machine Tool Research Institute of Aachen University of Technology in Germany in the early 1990s. It is the most representative dual-side clamping tool holder. Starting from 1987, a special working group was formed by the Machine Tool Research Institute Laboratory (WZL) of German Industrial University and more than 30 entities including some tool manufacturers, machine tool manufacturers, and user companies. Under the leadership of Professor M. Weck, the new tool system research and development work began.
After multiple rounds of research, the working group submitted the "Automatic Change/Centering Handle" standard proposal to the German National Standard Machine Tool Organization in July 1990. In July 1991, Germany announced the DIN standard record of the HSK tool system and suggested formulating the relevant ISO standard to the International Organization for Standardization.
In May 1992, the International Organization for Standardization ISO/TC29 (Tools Technology Committee) decided not to formulate the ISO standard for the automatic change/hollow handle for the time being. After the second round of research by the working group, Germany formulated the formal industrial standard of the HSK tool system DIN69893 in 1993. In May 1996, under the ISO/TC29/WG33 review meeting, the HSK tool system ISO standard draft ISO/DIS12164 based on DIN69893 was formulated. After multiple revisions, the formal ISO standard ISO12164 of the HSK tool system was published in 2001. Due to its rigidity and repeat positioning accuracy being several times to dozens of times higher than standard taper tool holders, it has been widely recognized and adopted in the machinery manufacturing industry.
HSK Tool Holder uses dual-side positioning by cone surface (radial) and flange end face (axial), achieving a rigid connection with the spindle of the machine tool. When the tool holder is installed on the machine spindle, the hollow short taper holder can fully contact the spindle taper hole, serving centering purposes.
HSK tool holder is a tool interface system commonly used in metal processing such as grinding, milling, and turning. Its working principle mainly includes the following aspects:
HSK Tool Holder matches with the corresponding taper hole of the spindle machine tool through the contact surface in a conical shape. This matching method can provide a larger contact area and closer contact, thereby improving the ability of the tool and spindle to transfer cutting forces.
HSK Tool Holder usually has several mechanical threads for locking with the corresponding thread holes on the spindle. By rotating the tool holder, the threads can be locked, ensuring the stability and rigidity of the tool holder during the processing.
Some HSK tool holders are also equipped with a coolant channel to deliver coolant to the cutting edge, cooling the tool and workpiece, reducing processing temperature, reducing wear, and extending tool life.
Since HSK Tool Holder is often used in high-speed processing, balance issues are usually considered in its design. Through precisely balanced tool holders, the vibration and imbalance of the tool holder during high-speed rotation can be reduced, thereby improving processing accuracy and surface quality.
In summary, HSK Tool Holder achieves reliable connection between the tool and spindle through matching with the spindle, mechanical thread locking, coolant channels, and high-speed balance, providing stable and efficient cutting performance in metal processing.
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